US forms critical mineral triangle with UAE and DR Congo
By
Valentina Pasquali
February 25, 2026, 4:26 PM
Kenny Katombe/Reuters
Artisanal miners work at a cobalt mine in Tulwizembe, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Focus on DRC’s cobalt, copper and tin
- Washington aims to break China’s hold
- Gulf seen as important pillar in effort
The UAE and US are growing their stakes in the Democratic Republic of Congo’s minerals industry and the two governments’ latest deals suggest they may be looking to cooperate there, analysts have told
AGBI.
Washington is trying to break China’s chokehold on the supply of critical minerals, such as cobalt, as demand for them skyrockets in the era of
artificial intelligence. The Gulf is a pillar of this effort as it offers abundant capital, a commitment to economic diversification and plenty of cheap energy, experts said.
The DRC holds most of the world’s cobalt and significant copper and tin reserves, markets long dominated by Chinese operators. Now Washington and Abu Dhabi are stepping in, signing agreements with Kinshasa and each other to expand investment, secure access and coordinate critical minerals supply.
Officials have not clarified whether Washington and Abu Dhabi are actively cooperating or simply moving forward in parallel, but signals point to an emerging triangle of coordination, according to analysts.
“Whether it’s a closed loop is still in question, but I do think that the DRC is definitely one of the African countries that both the US and UAE have been targeting,” said Rachel Ziemba, a strategist in New York.
“And we know the US and the UAE are trying to cooperate in this space.”
Pax Silica, a US initiative to divert semiconductor supply chains away from China, could provide an envelope for such coordination, Ziemba said. In mid-January the
UAE became the ninth country to join Pax Silica.
In an email to
AGBI, a State Department spokesperson did not address whether there was any open coordination with the UAE.
However, they said the administration welcomed “efforts by US firms and their partners to contribute to the responsible development of the DRC’s mining sector”, calling this “vital for both local economic growth and global supply chains”.
The Emirati embassy in Washington has been contacted for comment.
Web of partnerships
The DRC has traditionally relied on Chinese companies for mining and processing of its cobalt, copper, tin, tungsten and other elements. The US and the UAE are challenging this through a web of partnerships.
Washington clinched an agreement with Kinshasa in early December that lists easing “greater investment by US persons and aligned persons” as one of its priorities.
The parties met for the first time on February 5, on the sidelines of a minerals-focused gathering at the State Department. They secured “preferential access” for US companies to DRC mining projects, including a tantalum reservoir in the rebel-controlled east of the country,
according to Reuters.
That same week, the UAE and the DRC signed a
comprehensive economic partnership agreement to enhance trade “in sectors such as precious stones, minerals, mining and agriculture”.
Washington and Abu Dhabi have their own bilateral framework to boost cooperation in the sourcing and processing of critical minerals and rare earths at home and in “other mutually agreed locations”.
This month Abu Dhabi’s AD Ports agreed to develop and operate a multipurpose terminal in Matadi along the Congo river, while a US government agency, the International Development Finance Corp, backed a
venture of the DRC’s state-owned miner Gécamines to ship copper cathode to the UAE and Saudi Arabia.
In January the Development Finance Corp decided to co-invest with Abu Dhabi’s
International Holding Company (IHC) in critical minerals, energy and other areas of “mutual strategic interest”.
The US agency is also behind the $553 million rehabilitation of a 1,300km railway line that connects Congolese mining sites with Angola’s Lobito port.
Mining revamp
Christopher Ecclestone, a London-based mining strategist at Hallgarten & Company, said Washington was deploying government firepower to revamp mining after letting it fall by the wayside domestically in the past few decades.
US officials are taking a page from Beijing’s playbook and embracing an “if you can’t beat them, join them” attitude, Ecclestone said. Orion Critical Mineral Consortium, which is also backed by the Development Finance Corp, is buying a 40 percent stake in Glencore’s DRC assets, he pointed out.
The US and the UAE may not be moving in lockstep, according to Ecclestone, but both have something to gain from their work in the DRC.
“The UAE companies are saying, ‘We will process this stuff out of X country and then we’ll send it to the US’, and the US is thinking ‘Thank God we don’t have to think about that, someone else will do it for us and it’s not the Chinese’.”
Further reading:
IHC subsidiary International Resources Holding bought a majority of the DRC’s pre-eminent tin mine from a US investor in June 2025.
The DRC may secure better terms and support to establish some domestic processing, said Will Adams, head of base metals research at Fastmarkets.
“Nobody wants to be reliant on one big power because you can get pushed around more, so having a bit of competition amongst your suitors is probably not a bad thing,” he said.